One of the highlights of the Soma Nomaoi festival is the event called “Nomakake,” where spectators can witness people dressed in white garments capturing horses with their bare hands. These individuals in white are known as “Okobito.” They hold a special role that has been passed down since the days of the Soma Domain, and their presence is deeply intertwined with the traditions of the Nomaoi.
History of the Okobito: Retainers of the Soma Domain
The term “Okobito” refers to an official rank (or social position) within the Soma Domain. Similar positions also existed in other domains and under the shogunate, where they were sometimes called “Komono.” These individuals were attendants who took care of the lord’s personal needs and ran various errands. They were important figures who worked in close proximity to the lord on a daily basis.
Duties of the Okobito
The duties of the御小人 (Okobito) were diverse and wide-ranging. For example, they were responsible for roles such as the following:
- Caring for the lord's personal needs
- They provided daily support, such as bringing meals to the lord and running errands. Because they had many opportunities to be close to the lord, they may have had a closer relationship with him than high-ranking samurai.
- Role on the Battlefield
- When war broke out, the Okonin carried the lord's flag and served as guards for important figures. Their role was similar to that of a modern-day "bodyguard," and they risked their lives to ensure the lord's safety.
- Their role in the Nomakake event is particularly noteworthy among the Okonin. They use their quick movements and advanced skills to capture cornered wild horses. This role is very unique, and even today it remains an important highlight of the Nomaoi event.
Differences from Retainers of Other Domains
Other domains and the shogunate also had positions similar to the *okobito*, but the *okobito* of the Soma Domain possessed distinctive characteristics. In some other domains, they are said to have engaged in secretive tasks akin to those of ninjas or spies, but in the Soma Domain, their defining role was to support the sacred ritual known as *Nomakake* (Wild Horse Capture).
Modern Okobito
Today, the horsemen who take part in the Soma Nomaoi festival have inherited the role of the Okobito. They devote themselves to rigorous training in order to preserve this long-standing tradition. Their skills are highly advanced, and the sight of them capturing horses with their bare hands during the Nomanage scene is truly breathtaking. However, spectators are strictly warned not to attempt to imitate them. Nomanage is an extremely dangerous duty that can only be performed through the mastery and spirit of seasoned professionals.
