During the Soma Nomaoi festival, around 400 mounted samurai warriors take to the field. Leading these warriors is the “Commander-in-Chief.” Traditionally, the role of Commander-in-Chief is held by the head of the Soma family, the lineage of lords who once ruled the Soma region. However, in years when the head of the Soma family is unable to participate, a member of one of the family’s senior retainer lineages or the mayor of Soma City assumes the role in their place.
Unlike the mounted warriors, the supreme commander wears a highly distinctive piece of equipment on his back called a *horo*. This *horo* billows out like a balloon and is a vivid scarlet color. On top of the *horo* is an additional, unique ornament that indicates the family line to which that year’s supreme commander belongs.
The Meaning of the “Horo” Decorations
The decorations on the horo carry the following meanings.
- Three Fans
- This decoration is worn when the head of the Sōma family serves as supreme commander. Only a limited number of members of the family are allowed to wear this fan, and currently only the head of the Sōma family and his sons can wear it.
- Moon and Tanzaku
- This decoration is worn when a commander other than the head family serves as supreme commander. For example, this decoration is used when a member of a family retainer or a mayor becomes supreme commander.
Just by looking at the decorations on the horo, you can tell the lineage and role of the overall commander. When you come to watch the festival, taking a close look at these decorations can be quite fascinating.
Other Positions and the Colors of the Horō (Cloaks)
Aside from the overall commander, there are other positions that wear the “horō.” Among these, the most important are the Deputy Commander (Fukudaishō) and the Regional Commander (Gōdaishō). Each of them wears a horō of a different color. For example, one Regional Commander might wear a yellow horō, while another might wear a blue one. These color differences indicate their respective roles or the regions they belong to.
Local people will tell you
During the Soma Nomaoi parade, local high school students and city officials provide commentary over microphones. They explain details such as the history of the mounted warriors, the armor, and the meaning of the horo (cloak), in a way that’s easy to understand, making it a real pleasure just to listen.
When you hear explanations like, “This person is the head general of the main Soma family,” or “This local general has brought a new horse this year,” the festival will feel even more interesting.
